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The Big Apple is a group participation circle dance that uses swing dance for a host of steps. The Big Apple has some roots in the Ring Shout and Square Dance as well. Sometimes a solo or couple would perform in the center of the circle (like today's modern jams) as the rest of the dancers would dance in a circle around them.
Most people think of New York when they hear the name, but the Big Apple actually originated at the "Big Apple Night Club" in the Palmetto state of Columbia, South Carolina around 1936. |
The night club was actually a abandoned African-American church (originally the 'House of Peace Synagogue') converted into a nightclub. The club used a "Nickelodeon" for its music and had a balcony around the floor | |
where dancers stood and watched. It's rumored that dancers got so excited one night that the Balcony collapsed!. The University of South Carolina students expanded it's popularity all the way to New York.
The Big Apple spread all over the states and soon the smaller taverns and dance halls were posting apologetic signs: "Sorry, No Big Apple. Not enough room". Some ballrooms who had balconies or dance floors on the second story collapsed due to the weight of the people doing the Big Apple. Many people where hurt in the collapse and some establishments refused to allow people to do the Big Apple due to insurance reasons and fear that someone might get hurt.
This dance is cued by a caller, dancers performed moves from the Lindy Hop, Shag, and Charleston, and popular jazz steps like Trucking and Pecking. Some of the names of steps were called "Spank The Baby, Praise Allah, Rusty Dusty, Charleston, Suzy-Q, Pose & A Peck, Boogie Back, Shorty George, Truckin, The Little Apple., The Little Peach"-- (Little Peach-Invented by Collage Kids in So. Carolina) and more, were all swing type fad dances of the time, these Fad or Novelty dances lasted only a couple years. Over time most of these steps have resurfaced as the same dance or a variation of the dance.
"Swing As Away Of Life" states : (book)
The Big Apple started when the band leader (or any dancer) cried out, "Cut The Apple!" and dancers formed circles of 8 to 10 people each. At the callers cry of " Come on and swing," the dancers would break into the Charleston swing (Lindy Hop), a more violent version of the previous decades Charleston. Each dancer would step forward on his left foot and kick the right foot up, then step back on the right foot to the rear. Soon the whole circle would be a flurry of flying feet and counter-flying arms and elbows. When the caller yelled "Truck To the Right!", each dancer would face right, raise the admonitory index finger, step forward and pivot .. etc . (Video clip on left is of a modern day Big Apple.)
"Down Memory Lane" states : (book)
The Big Apple was a group participation dance that included all the earlier swing steps and required a caller. The dance started off with a march; as the couples formed into a ring, the caller would shout "Shine" and ask for one of the swing steps listed above. A single couple would take the initiative, step into the center of the ring, and perform the Jive gyrations. During the "Shine" episode the on-looking dancers remain in the circle, clapping hands, beating time, and shouting and catcalling in loud enthusiasm. |
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Birth Place |
Creation Date |
Creator |
Dance Type |
Columbia, South Carolina |
1936 |
Big Apple Night Club |
Swing |
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Posters, Lobby Cards etc. |
Sheet Music Covers |
Music Titles |
Keep Punchin' |
Big Apple |
Big Apple |
Juke Joint |
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Big Apple Swing (Tommy Dorsey) |
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L'ill yalla basket (Callen) |
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One O'Clock Jump (Basie) |
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Stealin' Apples |
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Films / Movies |
Television |
Ballets / Stage |
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1937 - Big Apple (British Pathe Newsreel) |
n/a |
9/3/1937 - Roxy Theatre (N.Y.) Bill Spivey's Big Apple Dancers |
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1937 - Big Apple, the - Paramount Newsreel [clip 2] |
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1938 - Liberty Deferred |
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1937 - Everybody Sings (Judy Garland) no Big Apple |
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1938 - Glamour Girls of 1938 (N.T.G./ Nils T. Granlund) |
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1937 - Thrill Of A Lifetime (Daniels & Matthews) |
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1939 - Hollywood Hotel Revue (Frankies eight) |
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1937 - From the Minuet to the Big Apple |
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Colleges / Universities |
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1937 - The Spirit Of Youth [DVD] |
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Stanford Univ. (wasn't fond of it) |
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1938 - Carl Deacon Moore and His Orchestra |
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Princeton Univ. (called it 'Fun But Crude') |
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1938 - Policy Man (Count Basie) |
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Sarah Lawrence College N.Y. (embraced it) |
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1938 - Start Cheering |
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Washington & Lee University (Banned the dance) |
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1938 - Two Shadows [Vitaphone] |
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1939 - Keep Punchin' (Arthur White, Choreography) |
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Political |
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1948 - A Song Is Born (stealin' apples + Buck & Bubbles) [DVD] |
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n/a |
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The Spirit Moves (Mura Dehn) [DVD] |
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2010 - Dancing the Big Apple 1937 [DVD] |
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Dancers, Choreographers etc. |
Publications |
Arthur Murray (& dancers) |
Frankie Manning |
12/4/1937 - Colliers Mag |
Big Apple Dancers, the |
Jean and her Big Apple Dancers [in Two Shadows] |
8/9/1937 - Life Magazine - Big Apple |
Billy Daniels |
Johnny Downes |
11/1/1937 - Life Magazine - Big Apple |
Betty Grable |
Joyce Matthews (actress) |
12/20/1937 - Life Magazine - Big Apple at Holiday Parties |
Betty "Big Apple" Wood (Henderson) Spivey's Group |
Leroy Prinz (Chor) |
2/19/1938 - Liberty Magazine (How To Dance It) |
Bill Spivey's Big Apple Dancers |
Savoy Big Applers |
9/21/1938 - Lowell Sun (Lambeth Vs Big Apple) |
Earle and Josephine Leach (British Pathe Newsreel) |
Whitey's Lindy Hoppers |
10/1938 - Dance Digest |
Eight Original Apple Dancers (Frankies Group) |
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6/1939 - Esquire Mag (Last of the Big Apple) |
Faith Clarke (Life Mag) |
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Books, Magazine Articles on the dance... |
Title |
Author |
Date Published |
Publisher |
From Turkey Trot to Big Apple |
Crowther, Bosley |
11/7/1937 |
N.Y. Times |
How To Become A good Dancer |
Murray, Arthur |
1938 |
Simon & Schuster |
Swing As A Way Of Life |
Time |
1971 |
Time/Warner |
Down Memory Lane |
Murray, Arthur |
1950s |
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Musicians / Bands |
Singers |
Poets / Writers |
Teddy Wilson |
Eunice Callen |
n/a |
Misc. Research Words that may be related ... to help your searches |
Group Dance |
Mixer Dance |
Swing Dance |
Fanchon |
Jitterbug |
Palmetto |
Whitey's |
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Note: The original Big Apple (Restaurant &) Nightclub opened in 1936 and was closed in 1938. It eventually became an abandoned building by 1979. In 1982 the former club was moved from its original location (1138 Park street) to its current site at the corner of Hampton and Park streets. It was later acquired in 1993 by the Historic Columbia Foundation. It has been rehabilitated and still retains many of its original architectural features and is available as a rental facility for special occasions. |
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Basic Individual Steps : (Big Apple Breakdown) |
- The Mess Around:
Hands On Hips, Knees Bent, Move Hips in circle with slight bounce for 8 counts.
- ~ Stomp Off:
One Hand up, Other on Stomach, Then Stomp Left Foot (1) and drag the other together (2-3) Step (4), Then repeat with Right Foot ... repeat another 8 counts.
- ~ Apple Jacks:
Pigeon Toe walk forward, Hands pointed down, opposite shoulders lift up and down, Hop Step on &8.
- ~ Truckin':
Hand pointed up, just above shoulder hight, shaking fore-finger, delayed type walks forward ... Can make silly faces !
- ~ Rusty Dusty (Rubber Legs):
Basically a "Knock Knee Walk, while holding pants with index and forefinger forward 8, then back 8 counts.
- ~ Fall Off The Log:
Kick-Step (side), Hook-Step (behind), Step Step, then repeat other direction. 8 count Charleston: See Charleston page.
- ~ Boogie Back:
Kick-Step-Step (1&2), Repeat till count 8, Clap hands on counts 2,4,6,8. Usually followed by Shorty George.
- ~ Shorty George (Boogie Walks):
Kick ball change, then walk, walk, walk, walk, walk, walk forward on outside edges to inside edges of feet, hips sway back and forth. a type of Downward elevator walks.
- ~ Spank The Baby:
Similar to the stomp off except tummy hand spanks hip on 2,4,6,8, while moving (angled) sideways.
- ~ Suzy - Q:
Step, then Cross over in front of other foot. While crossing, front foot - use heel and swivel in opposite direction. Hands are clasp together in front and moving in "contra-body Motion". Slight forward bend to body. Repeat 8 counts other direction.
- Note:
The above steps can be done in a routine just like above or can be called out by a caller, that is dancing in any order called. Other steps can be added to this routine or taken away. | |